In this issue of the Memorias Disidentes Journal, we address the processes of repatriation, restitution, return, and/or reburial of ancestors to their territories of origin, to promote reflection and debate based on experiences developed in different contexts and situations. We also propose to complexify perspectives and approaches to key concepts such as: bodies/bodies-territories, repatriation, restitution, reburial, redignification, depatrimonialization, and other associated concepts. For several decades, different processes of returning and reburial of ancestors to their resting places have been generated worldwide, in response to demands promoted by various Indigenous movements and activism. In South America in particular, this issue has developed unevenly across countries, apparently motivated by the predominance, in some contexts, of persistent colonial relations that inhibit and render invisible Indigenous agencies and rights enshrined in international standards. However, in recent decades, this issue has begun to gain momentum in some countries in the region, while in others it has deepened, becoming central to some ethnopolitical agencies of various Indigenous Peoples. In this context, with this dossier, we hope to broaden the scope of this topic by providing new examples and discussing the interplay of other variables that intersect in the development of repatriation, restitution, return, and/or reburial of ancestors.